Gas heater and burner.



PATENTED JULY 4, 1905.

J. L. REID. GA$ HEATER AND BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 31, 1904.

3 SHEETfi-SHEET 1.

152106 WIf OW No 793,908- PATENTED JULY 4. 1905. J. L. REID.

GAS HEATER AND BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 31, 1904.

a sums-41mm 2.

Jay. 02.

N0. 793,908v PATENTED JULY 4, 1905. J. L. REID.

GAS HEATER AND BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 31, 190 1.

3 BHEETE-SHEET S.

life. 193.908.

Patented July 4t, 1905.

JOHN I). REID, OF OHIOAHO, ILLINOIS.

Gft$ HEATER ITNIU' HUI IWEI IH SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 793,908, dated July 4:, 1905.

Application filed May 31, 1904;. Serial No. 210,347.

To It LU/L077) it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN L. Rein. a citizen of the United States, residing at Ohieago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Gas Heaters and Burners, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to gas heaters and burners, and has for its object to provide new and improved constructions for apparatus of that class.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a vertical sectional View with certain parts shown in elevation. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view through the lower portion of the heater. l 3 is a horizontal seetional view on line 3 3 of Fig. 2., with a part of the upper casing of the burner broken away. Fig. t is a sectional view on line t 4: of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a similar view on line 5 5 of Fig. 1, and Fig. 6 is a similar view on line (5 6 of Fig. 1.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts in all the drawings.

The lower part of the heater composed of a preferably cylindrical outer casing A, having the flange A. This cylindrical part rests upon a base-plate B against an annular projection B thereupon, and this base-plate B is supported in any desired mani'ier, as by the legs O, which may be bolted to the baseplate 15 by the bolts O and the nuts O The above parts are preferably made of cast-iron, but of course may be made of any desired material.

The upper part of the heater is formed of a cylindrical casing 1), preferably of sheet metal, riveted to the cylindrical part A and resting upon the'flai'ige A. The casing I) has leading from it nearits upper end the smokepipe I). On the inside of the outer casing A are wings or ribs A, A, which are inclined from the vertical and are of decreasing width from top to bottom. These are preferably integral with the casing A.

It is the burner and is in theform of a hollow ring flattened on four sides, as shown. This is preferably composed of a lower easting 1G and an upper casting I each having lugs It IQ on their perimeters, through which pass the bolts E" It", which securely hold the two parts together. The base-plate B has a circular opening therein a trifle larger in diameter than the burner E which received such burner, the ends of the bolts E" E resting upon this base-plate, so as to support the burner in position. The burner is pierced by a series of perforations E E on its inner circumference and by a like series of perforations It It" on the outercircumference. These serve to emit the gas to be burned and are preferably obliquely directed. The gas enters the burner by the supply-pipe F and through a valve. This valve is preferably of the needle-valve type and constructed with an outer shell Ur, open at one end, and within such shell is an inner casing U, to which the sup ply-pipe I leads. The inner shell Or is perforated at each end for the valve-stem Or, its inner perforation having a valve-seat. The outer end of the inner shell (i is provided with the cap G with a screw-threaded perforation tl'ierein, through which passes the stem O, which is likewise threaded. Suitable packing G makes a gas-tight connection at this point. The stem Or has the hand-grip O and also a disk O, which is held in position thereon by the set-screw G This disk (:i is given such a position on the stem (12 that it operates to close the open end of easing (1" when the pointed end of the stem O is seated against the aperture in the inner shell. By turning the hand-grip G both valves are opened, and the gas passes from the inner to the outer casing, and air is drawn into the outer casing around the disk i", is mixed with the gas, and this mixture passes up into the burner E. The casing (xi has a sorew-threaded neck 6-, which connects it to the pipe H", leading into the burner E. In order to insure the complete mixture of the gas and air, 1 preferably place within the burner It a spiral spring E through which the incoming mixture is directed by the hood E, which may be made in the form of an inverted box open at each end, and is placed within the burner I over the terminus of the pipe (i The spring E may be made to terminate at each end of this hood. \Vithin the casing A is an inner casing H, which is preferably made of cast-iron and in the shape of in cross-section, as shown. On the outer side of the casing H are the wings or ribs H H] which are of increasing width from top to bot- 3 tom and are inclined from the vertical in the direction opposite to the corres ionding construction on the inner face of the casing A. 5

Between these two ribbed walls is formed the combustion-ehamber of the heater, at the bottom of which is the burner E. On the inner side of the casing H are vertical triangularshaped ribs Ii I-I here shown as four in numher, and against these rests the inverted hollow deflecting-cone J, which is preferably made of sheet metal. To the casing H is riveted a cylindrical inner casing K, made of sheet metal, which divides the upper portion of the heater into two chambers. The casings K and D are secured together by an annular cappiece L, resting upon the casing D and secured to casing K by the inwardly-extending connecting-ring L and by the tie-bolts L L In order to hold all of these parts securely in position, I provide the tie-rods M, shown here as three in number, which extend through the outer chambers from the cappiece L down through the base-plate B.

In the lower part of casingA there is a perforation A closed by the door N, pivoted at N and provided with the lug N by which it is manipulated. By means of this door the gas may be ignited. I also provide casing D with a mica window IY.

In order that the products of combustion shall not escape too rapidly through the heater before having performed their work, the upper portion of the combustion-chamber, between the inner and outer casings D and K, is divided by a number of perforated horizontal rings. There may be any number of these rings, as desired as, for instance, the three 0, O, and O shown in this construction. These rings are preferably provided with inner vertical flanges, by means of which they are secured to the inner casing K. These rings have each a series of apertures, which may be semicircular indentations on their inner and outer circumferences, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the apertures being differently positioned in the different rings. As shown in Fig. 5, the upper ring has these indenta tions on its inner circumference, as shown at O. In the ring O next below the apertures will be differently located-as, for example, between the projections on ring O of the apertures O in the ring above, as is shown at O" by dotted lines in Fig. 5. In the lowest ring these apertures may be made in the outer circumference, as shown at O in Fig. 6. The

products of combustion will therefore be obliged to follow a somewhat circultous course upward through the combustion-chamber. It

will be obvious in carrying out this purpose that the above arrangement of apertures mightbe considerably varied, so I do not limit myself to the precise position of the apertures as above shown.

In order that there should be a continuous draft from the lower combustion-chamber to the smoke-pipe D, I provide within the upper combustion-chamber a directflue O, which may be constructed by the curved partition 0", which rests upon one of the wings A and extends to a point near the opening of the smoke-pipe. This inclosed flue will carry a portion of the hot products of combustion directly from the lower combustion-chamber into the smoke-pipe D, and by heating the same will tend to prevent the condensation of moisture and the consequent setback of water from the chimney into the heater. In the space between the legs of the heater and under the burner E, I preferably place a protecting and draft device P, which may be made of any sort of sheet metal and is preferably in the form of a frustum of a cone. This device is provided with the horizontal flange portion P and is supported in any desired manner to the body of the stove as, for example, by the tie-irons P. To the under side of the flange I is secured, by the brackets P P, a circular disk P. The extended portions P serve to protect the floor from the intense heat of the burner, and the device also, which may be made to extend very close to the floor, serves to draw air into the heater from the lowest and consequently the coldest portion of the room to be heated.

I have described with some particularity one form of construction which embodies my invention, but it will be obvious that there might be a wide variance from the forms and devices set forth without departing from the broad spirit of my invention. For example, the heater might be given any other shape than cylindrical and might be of a considerably greater size than here shown. The heater, for instance, is well adapted when constructed upon a large scale to heat a whole building. Consequently I do not limit myself to the particular forms, devices, and constructions above set forth.

The use and operation of my heater are as follows: To start the heater, the hand-grip G" is turned, opening at once the gas and the air valve. The air and gas are mixed within the outer shell G and pass up into the burner through the pipe G" and are directed by the hood E into the central part of the spiral coil E where they are thoroughly mixed. The gas emitted through the apertures and E E is lighted through the lighting-aperture A, the flames being directed against the ribbed walls of A and H. The position and direction of these ribs tend to hold back the products of combustion, and the ribs also increase the area of radiation. The curved flange H 'I/ss, see

also tends to hold back the heat within the lower coinbustion-cl'1an1ber,' as it may be called, and the same el'lect is brought; about in the upper chamber by the staggered arrangement of the apertures in rings U, U, and 0". The peculiar arrangeinel'it oi these apertures directs the rising products oi combustion l'irst to the inner and then to the outer casing ol the heater. The air to be heated with in the heater is drawn up around the disk l from a place in the room very near to the Floor, where the air is obviously the coldest. .l t passes up through the conical device l. into the center channber il orlned by the shell ll and the upper and inner easing hi, being deflected by the inverted cone w l so as to form a draft around the inner side of the easing l t. 'lhis air will be heated by contact with the walls and by radiation, and in order to aid in the aceoinplislnnentoli this purpose the centerchamber is given a diminished diameter at its upper end by tho extending cappiece lid. The back line U, as described, keeps up a continuous flow of the hot products of combustitm from a place near tho burner directly to tho S1 10l 0*[)ii)l), thereby keeping up a steady draft and also preventing condensation and the setback oi water lrom the chininey. lhc l'lange portion P ol? the device l protects tho lloor from tho severe heat oi the burner besides serving to increase tho draft, as desmibed. it will be observed also that tho burner l is easily removable for repair, it resting merely upon the base-platell'i. lie- .ing termed of two parts, it may easily be taken apart when required.

The heater is adapted to burn ordinary ihumiliating-gas or natural gas 0 any fluid of like nature.

By the above-desoribed and by a similar construction of parts adapted to varying circumstances l am able to get a very complete combustion of gas and a greatheathiig capacity at moderate expense.

l t one of tho purposes of my invention to secure a circi'ilatii'in o'l" air in the room being heated through the heater. it is very important that this circi dation should be as widely extended as possible and that the air which enters the heater should be drawn from the coldest part of the room-- that is to say, the lower part. To accomplish these results, i use the device l, which serves the double purpose ol drawing the air from near the lloor and at a pointatsoinedistance from the burner, and also protects the door by its [laring part and prevents the highly-heated air in'miediatelysurr n|1ulingthe burner and its neighboring parts from being drawn up through the stove. The part I, in ell'ect, is an extension of the draft or air chamber beyond the combustion-chamber and burner, so that its opening is brought near to the lioor.

ll claim .1. in a gas-heater the coinbil'nttion ol an outer shell surroundin a coml)ustion-chanlher, an inner shell 0t gradually-diminished diameter at its lower end forming an airelnnnber in such CO1]llJUSld()il-CllitlilbflI, and a flange on the inner shell of substantial uniform width tlnn'eabout, near the place where the inner shell begins to be reduced indiarneter, extending into the con1lnistion-chainber so as to hold back the products of combustion in the lower part ol' such chanlber.

2. .ln a gas-heater the combination of an outer shell with an inner shell arranged within the outer shell so as to leave a space between,sueh space forming a com bustion-ehan1 her, and ribs on the outer shell inclined from the vertical and projecting into such combustion-chainl ier.

3. ln a gas-heater the combinatiol'i of an outer shell with an inner shell arrangerl within the outer shell so as to leave a space between,such space l orining'a combustion'chamher, and ribs on the inner shell inclined from the vertical and projecting into such conlbus tion-clian'iber.

at. in a gas-heater the combination ol an outer shell, an inner shell, ribs on the outer shell inclined from the vertical, and oppositely-inclined ribs on the inner shell.

5. in a gas heater the COlnhlDztlilOil of an outer shell, substantially cylindrical, inclined ribs ol diminished width from top to bottom on the lower portion ol' such outer shell, an inner shell having the upper part cylii'ldrical and the lower part conical in form, ribs on the lower part oi? increasing width from top to bottom, and oppositely inclined with respect to the ribs on the outer walls.

(3. ill] a gas-heatcr the combination of a lower coinbustionchamber, a burner in such colnbustion-chamber, an upper combustionchamber connected therewith with obstruc tions therein to divert the passage of the products 0t coinlniistion therothrough, a smokepipe leading from the upper chan'iber, and a siiibstantially straight line leading from the lower chamber to such sn'ioke-pipc.

'7. in a gas-heater the combination of a comlJLlStlOlPCllttli]lJOl, a burner near the lower end of such chamber, a smol e-pipe leading from near the upper end ol such chamber, and a single relatively small llue leading from a place near the burner to a place in the combustion-chainber near the smoke-rape.

8. in a gas-heater, the con'ibination ot a horizontal, anrmlar, hollow burner, a spiral spring in such burner an inlet leading thereto, and a hood device omrsuch inlet to direct the incoming gas and air into the center 0]? the splin 3). in a gas-heater the combination ol" an outer shell, an inner shell, a burner, means for supporting such shells and burner, and a hollow draft and protecting device associated with the inner shell extending close to the lioor, having a 'I'laring part to protect; the lloor from the heat of burner and an aperture on the under side thereof to receive air.

10. In a gas-heater the combination of a cylindrical outer shell with a substantially cylindrical inner shell, a circular burner, means for supporting the inner and outer shells and the burner, and a draft and protecting device comprising a hollow conical part associated with the inner shell and extending near to the floor and a horizontal flange extending from the lower edge of the conical part, and a disk secured below such flange, and space therefrom to provide for the admission of air to the interior of the conical part.

11. In a gas-heater the combination of a lower combustion chamber of increasing width from top to bottom formed by walls having ribs thereon, a burner in such chamber, means for supporting the burner and the walls, an upper combustion-chamber having a smoke-outlet, a series of transverse partitions therein, with differently-positioned apertures so as to make a circuitous passage-way for the products of combustion, and an airchamber extending through such combustionchambers.

12. In a gas heater the combination of a lower combustion-chamber with a cylindrical outer wall and a circular inner wall of diminished diameter from top to bottom, ribs diversely inclined from the vertical on the respective walls, a burner in the chamber perforated so as to direct flames toward each ribbed wall, an upper combustion-chamber with circuitous passage-ways for the products of combustion, a flange extending part way across the passage between the upper and lower combustion-chamber, and a supporting device for the burner and the walls of such chambers.

13. In a gas-heater, the combination of an inner and outer shell forming between them a combustionchamber, ribs on such inner sides of such shells, an upper chamber or flue above the combustion-chamber, and a flange on the inner shell extending part way across the chamber so as to narrow the outlet from the combustion-chamber to the upper chamher or flue.

1 In a gas-heater, the combination of a combustion chamber with a burner in such chamber, a smoke-outlet leading from such chamber and a relatively narrow inclosed flue extending from near by the burner into proximity to such outlet.

15. In a gas-heater the combination of a combustion chamber with an air chamber through such combustion-chamber, the containing-wall of such air-chamber being extended downwardly beyond the combustionchamber and in proximity to the floor so as to draw the air for circulation through such heater from the lowest part of the room.

16. In a gas-heater the combination of a combustion chamber with an air chamber through such combustion-chamber, the containing-wall of such air-chamber being extended downwardly in proximity to the floor and provided with a longitudinal extension to impede the radiation downward from the burner.

JOHN L. REID.

Vitnesses:

HOMER L. KRAFT, PEROIVAL H. TRUMAN. 

